Everything about Johan Ihre totally explained
Johan Ihre (
3 March 1707 –
1 December 1780) was a
Swedish philologist and historical linguist.
Ihre was born in
Lund, son of the theologian
Thomas Ihre and his spouse Brita Steuchia. After his father's death in 1720, Johan Ihre was raised in the house of his grandfather
Archbishop Mattias Stechius in
Uppsala, and studied at
Uppsala University, where he completed his
magister degree in 1730. In 1730-1733 he studied abroad, in
Oxford,
London and
Paris. He was in
1734 appointed
docent in Uppsala, 1735 librarian at the University Library, and was from 1737 until his death holder of the Skyttean professorship in Eloquence and Government. He became a member of the
Royal Academy of Letters in 1755. He was secretary of the
Royal Swedish Society of Sciences in Uppsala.
Ihre was the first scholar to recognize the
sound change of the
Germanic languages that was later to be elaborated on by
Rasmus Christian Rask and
Jakob Grimm and now known after the latter as
Grimm's law. Ihre's etymological dictionary of
Swedish from 1769 demonstrated the origin of words in Old Swedish forms and compared them to cognates in other languages. Ihre thought, in accordance with the historical speculations common at the time and derived from Icelandic sources, that the language had been brought to the Nordic countries by
Odin. Ihre was also the first to demonstrate that the text of the
Codex argenteus manuscript in the Uppsala University Library is identical to the
Gothic Bible translation by Bishop
Wulfila.
Selected bibliography of Ihre's works
- Utkast till föreläsningar öfwer swenska språket, 1745
- Fragmenta versonis Ulphilanae, continentia particulas..., 1763
- Swenskt dialect lexicon, 1766
- Anmärkningar, rörande Codex argenteus i Upsala, 1767
- Analecta Ulphilana, 1767-1769
- Glossarium Suiogothicum, 1769
- Scripta versionem Ulphilanam et linguam Moeso-Gothicam illustrantia, 1773
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